Promoting VET teachers’ individual and social learning activities: the empowering and purposeful role of transformational leadership, interdependence, and self-efficacy

Empirical Research in Vocational Education and Training

Table 1 Direct, indirect and total effects of TL practices, teamwork, and self-efficacy on learning activities

		Information sharing & social reflection	Self- reflection	Experimentation	Keeping up to date
TL: vision	direct	x	x	x	x
	indirect	0,07	0,01	0,01	0,01
	TOTAL	0,07	0,01	0,01	0,01
TL: consideration & stimulation	direct	x	x	x	x
	indirect	0,04	0,04	0,03	0,02
	TOTAL	0,04	0,04	0,03	0,02
Task interdependence	direct	0,34	0,27	0,20	0,16
	indirect	0,09	0,09	0,10	0,08
	TOTAL	0,43	0,36	0,30	0,24
Goal interdependence	direct	0,20	x	x	x
	indirect	0,03	0,03	0,03	0,02
	TOTAL	0,23	0,03	0,03	0,02
Self-efficacy	direct	0,31	0,32	0,33	0,27
	indirect	x	x	x	x
	TOTAL	0,31	0,32	0,33	0,27