Table 2 Overview of instruments implemented

Learning motivation^b

With regard to the subject E&S,..

 Amotivation^a

Prenzel et al. (1996)

…, I try to duck out of learning.

 External motivation^a

Prenzel et al. (1996)

…, I would not learn without external pressure.

 Introjected motivation^a

Prenzel et al. (1996)

…, I learn in order to meet expectations.

 Identified motivation^a

Prenzel et al. (1996)

…, I learn to come close to my personal aims.

 Intrinsic motivation^a

Prenzel et al. (1996)

…, learning time goes quickly.

 Interest^a

Prenzel et al. (1996)

…, I learn with enormous curiosity.

 Long-term-instrumental oriented^b

Ramseier (2004)

… I work because it will be of use for my occupation.

 Achievement oriented^b

Ramseier (2004)

… I work because I want to be good at everything.

Apprenticeship satisfaction^c

Ditton (2001) in Jerusalem et al. (2009)

I am very satisfied with my commercial apprenticeship.

Intention to remain^d

own item

Do you want to continue working within the commercial field after apprenticeship?