Table 5 Measurement invariance of training satisfaction and learning motivation over time
Invariance | χ 2 | df | p | χ 2/df | Scaling factor | CFI | RMSEA | SRMR | Δ χ 2+ Sig Test | ΔCFI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Latent measurement model of training satisfaction (n = 1842) | ||||||||||
 Configurale invariance | 26.871 | 30 | ns | .90 | 1.2299 | 1.00 | .00 | .013 | – | – |
 Metric invariance | 50.915* | 36 | .051 | 1.41 | 1.2259 | .998 | .15 | .030 | 24.3536 (3)*** | .002 |
 Scalar invariance | 104.982 | 42 | *** | 2.50 | 1.1971 | .992 | .029 | .029 | 83.00 (12)*** | .008 |
Latent measurement model of learning motivation (n = 1838) | ||||||||||
 Configurale invariance | 90.888 | 39 | *** |  | 1.0936 | .99 | .027 | .030 |  |  |
 Metric invariance | 125.252 | 45 | *** |  | 1.0949 | .985 | .031 | .043 | 34.2079 (6)*** | .005 |
 Scalar invariance | 207.150 | 51 | *** |  | 1.0831 | .971 | .041 | .051 | 119.134 (12)*** | .019 |
 Partial scalar invariance [Intrinsic motivation t1]* | 157.999 | 50 | *** |  | 1.0895 | .98 | .034 | .048 | 67.6719 (11)*** | .01 |