Economic change and continuous vocational training in the work history: a longitudinal multilevel analysis of the employees’ participation in further training and the effects on their occupational careers in Germany, 1970–2008

Empirical Research in Vocational Education and Training

Table 1 Factor loadings (pattern matrix) and unique variances

Variables	Factor 1: Level of economic modernisation	Factor 2: Labour market situation	Uniqueness	Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin values
Employment quota	0.9111	− 0.0931	0.1611	0.9064
Share of employees in primary sector	− 0.9619	0.0542	0.0719	0.6975
Share of employees in secondary sector	− 0.8080	0.5319	0.0642	0.7391
Share of employees in tertiary sector	0.9360	− 0.3459	0.0042	0.7442
Number of employees	0.9644	− 0.0015	0.0699	0.7861
Gross domestic product (GDP)	0.8879	− 0.3858	0.0628	0.8933
GDP per capita	0.9050	− 0.4035	0.0181	0.8593
(Negative) Unemployment rate	− 0.2658	0.9229	0.0776	0.7986
Ratio of vacant jobs and manpower	0.0331	0.9300	0.1340	0.6239
Number of companies	− 0.5119	0.7654	0.1521	0.8777
Total				0.7958
Eigen value	7.2959	1.8881
Variance	0.6156	0.3028

Source: German Federal Statistical Office (Statistical Yearbooks, diverse volumes; time series by DESTATIS: http://www.destatis.de); GESIS-Monitor of Social indicators (http://gesis-simon.de/simon_eusi/index.html)