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Table 2 Changes of HR, RMSSD, and the LF/HF ratio under stress

From: Teachers’ experienced classroom demands and autonomic stress reactions: results of a pilot study and implications for process-oriented research in vocational education and training

ANS indicators

Change

Measures and correlates

Reference literature

HR

↑↓

Job Stress Questionnaire

Clays et al. (2011)

Simulated emergency case

Kaegi et al. (1999)

Speech task

Schubert et al. (2009)

RMSSD

↓↓

Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire

Garza et al. (2015)

Game task

Li et al. (2009)

Occupational Stress Questionnaire

Lindholm et al. (2009)

Job Content Questionnaire

Loerbroks et al. (2010)

Physical-mental task

Taelman et al. (2011)

Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire

Uusitalo et al. (2011)

↓

Academic examination

Tharion et al. (2009)

LF/HF ratio

↑↑

Job Stress Questionnaire

Clays et al. (2011)

Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire

Garza et al. (2015)

Arithmetic aloud task

Traina et al. (2011)

↑

Computer work task

Hjortskov et al. (2004)

Stroop Colour Word Test

Kofman et al. (2006)

Academic examination

Papousek et al. (2010)

Speech task

Schubert et al. (2009)

↓↓

Job Content Questionnaire

Hernández-Gaytan et al. (2013)

↓

Academic examination

Tharion et al. (2009)

  1. ↓↓ (↑↑) significant lower (higher) under stress (p < 0.05):↓ (↑) – lower (higher) under stress (p > 0.05); abbreviations: HR (heart rate), LF (low frequency domain) / HF (high frequency domain) ratio, RMSSD (square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent NN (normal-to-normal) intervals); overview adapted from Castaldo et al. (2015), Jaervelin-Pasanen et al. (2018), and Kim et al. (2018)