The value of apprentices in the care sector: the effect of apprenticeship costs on the mobility of graduates from apprenticeship training

Empirical Research in Vocational Education and Training

Table 5 The effect of mobility on wages

	(1) Continuous wages	Binary wage information			(5) Differential of wage & apprentices’ salary
	(1) Continuous wages	(2) By \(q_{0.25}\)	(3) By \(q_{0.50}\)	(4) By \(q_{0.75}\)	(5) Differential of wage & apprentices’ salary
Facility switch	− 6.823	− 0.013	− 0.079	\(-0.114^*\)	\(-7.832^*\)
	(4.157)	(0.061)	(0.063)	(0.060)	(4.380)
Additional controls	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
R\(^2\)	0.159	0.240	0.148	0.203	0.137
Observations	3223	3223	3223	3223	3223
Individuals	482	482	482	482	482

Stars denote significance of coefficients: \(^*p<10\%\), \(^{**}p<5\%\), \(^{***}p<1\%\); standard errors clustered at the level of federal states are in parentheses.
This table provides results from estimating the effect of leaving the training facility on wages. To perform a two-step instrumental variables (IV) estimation, we take the estimated probability of leaving the training care facility (\(\widehat{mobility}_{ijt}\)) from estimating Eq. (1). In the second step, we estimate the effect of this estimated probability on earnings \(wage_{ijt}\) in Model (1) and on the differential of wages and apprentices’ salary during apprenticeship training in Model (5). In the Models 2–4, we use binary information about wages. E.g. in Model 2, we estimate the effect of a facility switch on the probability to earn a wage that exceeds the first quartile of the wage distribution
Source: Sample of Integrated Labour Market Biographies 1975-2017 (SIAB 7517v1); Regional Database of the Federal Statistical Office and the Federal Employment Agency