Table 4 A Summary of Young People’s Participation Consequences
Domains | Themes | Positive consequences | Negative consequences |
|---|---|---|---|
Cultural capital related consequences | Skills and knowledge | Improved technical skills Improved non-technical skills | Limited depth and impracticality of skills obtained |
Certificates | Increased employability due to proof for education history and skill level | Failure to obtain a certificate Poor recognition of certificates | |
Socio-emotional competencies | Improved self-awareness and self-confidence Improved self-management Improved social awareness Enhanced capability to maintain healthy and rewarding relationships Improved decision-making ability | ||
Social capital related consequences | Bonding social capital | Lasting support network among peers | |
Bridging social capital | Established connections with peers from different backgrounds, program staff and alumni Increasing support and recognition from family and community | Difficulty in maintaining social ties after intervention completion Extra burden caused by increasing reliance from family and community Stigmatization as a tvet participant | |
Linking social capital | Linkage with a wider network of government officials, professionals and financial service providers | ||
Economic capital related consequences | Economic prospect | Increased employability and expanded economic opportunities | Bleak prospect due to poor training value and poor recognition of vocational credentials |
Economic activities | Increased involvement in mostly small-scale businesses | Difficulty in getting employed Poor quality of available jobs | |
Economic gains | Rise in economic gains Income diversification | Low pay of available jobs Unsustainability of income source | |
Aspiration | Increased capability to aspire Willingness to pursue further learning Increased motivation to make plans for future | Discouragement of harsh reality Disorientation due to lack of support for school-to-work transition | |
Health and hygiene | Acquirement of personal and environmental health practices Improved access to healthcare due to improved finance | Physical fatigue and psychological stress Drug abuse to ease fatigue | |