Empirical Research in Vocational Education and Training

Table 5 t-tests with the dwell time on distractor

From: The role of confidence in the gaze bias effect among economics trainee teachers — results from a digital assessment of economic content knowledge

Group	Distractor
Group	HCFS M (SD)	non-HCFS M (SD)	T	Cohen’s d	U-test z
HCFS vs. LCFS	0.082 (0.053)	0.108 (0.042)	2.855**	0.568	2.781**
HCFS vs. MCFS	0.082 (0.053)	0.105 (0.050)	2.347*	0.445	2.336*
HCFS vs. HCCS	0.082 (0.053)	0.078 (0.045)	-0.492	− 0.087	-0.297

Note. LCFS = low confidence and incorrect response; MCFS = medium confidence and incorrect response; HCCS = high confidence and correct response
*p < 0.05. **p < 0.01. ***p < 0.001

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