Table 1 Outcome and explanatory variables

Outcome variables

Required time for finding first job (T)

The time taken to secure the initial job post-graduation.

in Months

33.4

36.4

27.7

Income changes during the COVID-19 pandemic (C)

The change in monthly income during the COVID-19 pandemic

(0) Decrease

46.3%

46.9%

45.2%

(1) No change

45.9%

45.6%

46.4%

(2) Increase

7.8%

7.5%

8.3%

The primary explanatory variable

Secondary school type

The types of secondary school the respondents completed

(0) General (SMA)

67.9%

(1) Vocational (SMK)

32.1%

Control variables

Gender

Gender of respondents

(0) Female

46.9%

49.2%

42.1%

(1) Male

53.1%

50.8%

57.9%

HH

Head of household

(0) No

71.6%

71.0%

72.7%

(1) Yes

28.4%

29.0%

27.3%

Age

Age of respondents

in Years

32.99

33.4

32.03

Marital status

The marital status of respondents

(0) Not married

45.2%

43.9%

48.1%

(1) Married

54.8%

56.1%

51.9%

Course enrolment

If the respondents have enrolled in a course/training

(0) No

83.5%

85.9%

78.6%

(1) Yes

16.5%

14.1%

21.4%

Family size

The number of family member

Person

4.3

4.4

4.3

Educational provider

The provider of education

(0) Private

31.0%

24.4%

44.9%

(1) Public

69.0%

75.6%

55.1%

Geographical location

The current location of respondents

(0) Outside Java

69.6%

75.1%

57.9%

(1) Java

30.4%

24.9%

42.1%

Area typology

Tye type of area

(0) Rural

47.8%

51.3%

40.3%

(1) Urban

52.2%

48.7%

59.7%

Digital Skill

Own digital skill

(0) No

72.5%

75.3%

66.7%

(1) Yes

27.5%

24.7%

33.3%

State Employee

All kind of state employee

(0) No

93.3%

92.9%

94.3%

(1) Yes

6.7%

7.1%

5.7%

Post-graduation Period

Long of time since graduation from SMA or SMK

in Years

14.4

14.8

13.6

Age at graduation

Age when graduated from SMA or SMK

in Years

18.9

19.0

18.7

Number of samples

171,945

116,787

55,158